Key Equations

Key Equations

21.1 Planck and Quantum Nature of Light

quantum energy E=nhf E=nhf

21.2 Einstein and the Photoelectric Effect

energy of a photon E=hf E=hf
maximum kinetic energy of a photoelectron K E e =hf−BE K E e =hf−BE
binding energy of an electron BE=h f O BE=h f O

21.3 The Dual Nature of Light

momentum of a photon (deBroglie relation) p= h λ p= h λ