Key Terms
8.1
The Chemical Senses are Several Distinct Sensory Systems
Signal integration,
smell,
taste,
flavor,
gustation,
nutrients,
olfactory system,
pheromones,
chemesthesis,
retronasal olfaction,
orthonasal olfaction
8.2
The Gustatory System
taste bud,
tongue,
papillae (filiform,
foliate,
fungiform,
circumvallate),
pharynx,
taste pore,
taste receptor cell (TRC),
type 1 taste receptors (Tas1Rs,
T1Rs),
type 2 taste receptors (Tas2Rs,
T2Rs),
type 3 taste receptors (Tas1R3,
T3Rs),
otopetrin 1 (Otop1),
epithelial sodium channels (ENaC),
fat taste,
intragemmal,
labeled line coding,
across-fiber pattern coding,
chorda tympani branch of the facial (VII) nerve,
glossopharyngeal (IX) nerve,
nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS),
chemotopic map,
gustatory nucleus,
primary gustatory cortex (GC),
ventral posterior medial nucleus of the thalamus (VPMpc),
secondary gustatory cortex,
conditioned taste aversion,
sensilla,
gustatory receptor neurons (GRNs)
8.3
The Olfactory System
olfactory epithelium,
odorants,
turbinates,
olfactory sensory neurons,
supporting cells,
basal cells,
olfactory receptors,
Golf,
adenylyl cyclase III (ACIII),
cyclic nucleotide gated (CNG) channels,
calcium-activated chloride channels (CaCC),
olfactory bulb,
glomerulus,
mitral cells,
tufted cells,
piriform cortex,
lateral olfactory tract,
anterior olfactory nucleus (AON),
anterior commissure,
amygdala,
entorhinal cortex,
adaptation,
accessory olfactory system,
vomeronasal organ,
accessory olfactory bulb,
anosmia,
Alzheimer’s disease,
Parkinson’s disease,
ACE2,
parosmia