Chapter 8

Chapter 8

Be Prepared

8.1

ⓐ 8; ⓑ −1; ⓒ -729

8.2

3.85

8.3

ⓐ x6x6; ⓑ y6y6; ⓒ z12z12

8.4

x 5 x 5

8.5

1 y 8 1 y 8

8.6

n 12 n 12

8.7

53 60 53 60

8.8

64 x 6 y 15 64 x 6 y 15

8.9

1 125 1 125

8.10

2 x 2 + 11 x − 8 2 x 2 + 11 x − 8

8.11

8 + 2 a − a 2 8 + 2 a − a 2

8.12

81 − 90 y + 25 y 2 81 − 90 y + 25 y 2

8.13

5 8 5 8

8.14

x 6 x 6

8.15

49 − 9 x 2 49 − 9 x 2

8.16

y 2 − 6 y + 9 y 2 − 6 y + 9

8.17

x = 5 2 x = 5 2

8.18

n = 2 or n = 4 n = 2 or n = 4

8.19

( − ∞ , 1 2 ] ( − ∞ , 1 2 ]

8.20

f ( 2 ) = 2 , f ( −1 ) = −7 , f ( 0 ) = −4 f ( 2 ) = 2 , f ( −1 ) = −7 , f ( 0 ) = −4

8.21

domain: [ 0 , ∞ ) ; range: [ 0 , ∞ ) domain: [ 0 , ∞ ) ; range: [ 0 , ∞ )

8.22

ⓐ −4,0.5–,73,3,81;−4,0.5–,73,3,81; ⓑ 7;7; ⓒ −4,−7,0.5–,73,3,81−4,−7,0.5–,73,3,81

8.23

2 x 2 − x − 15 2 x 2 − x − 15

8.24

5 + 15 2 5 + 15 2

Try It

8.1

ⓐ −8−8 ⓑ 15

8.2

ⓐ 10 ⓑ −11−11

8.3

ⓐ not a real number ⓑ −9−9

8.4

ⓐ −7−7 ⓑ not a real number

8.5

ⓐ 3 ⓑ 4 ⓒ 3

8.6

ⓐ 10 ⓑ 2 ⓒ 4

8.7

ⓐ −3−3 ⓑ not real ⓒ −2−2

8.8

ⓐ −6−6 ⓑ not real ⓒ −4−4

8.9

ⓐ 6<38<76<38<7
ⓑ 4<933<54<933<5

8.10

ⓐ 9<84<109<84<10
ⓑ 5<1523<65<1523<6

8.11

ⓐ ≈3.32≈3.32 ⓑ ≈4.14≈4.14
ⓒ ≈3.36≈3.36

8.12

ⓐ ≈3.61≈3.61 ⓑ ≈4.38≈4.38
ⓒ ≈3.15≈3.15

8.13

ⓐ |b||b| ⓑ w ⓒ |m||m| ⓓ q

8.14

ⓐ |y||y| ⓑ p ⓒ |z||z| ⓓ q

8.15

ⓐ |y9||y9| ⓑ z6z6

8.16

ⓐ m2m2 ⓑ |b5||b5|

8.17

ⓐ |u3||u3| ⓑ v5v5

8.18

ⓐ c4c4 ⓑ d4d4

8.19

ⓐ 8|x|8|x| ⓑ −10|p|−10|p|

8.20

ⓐ 13|y|13|y| ⓑ −11|y|−11|y|

8.21

ⓐ 3x93x9 ⓑ 3|q7|3|q7|

8.22

ⓐ 5q35q3 ⓑ 3q53q5

8.23

ⓐ 10|ab|10|ab| ⓑ 12p6q1012p6q10
ⓒ 2x10y42x10y4

8.24

ⓐ 15|mn|15|mn| ⓑ 13|x5y7|13|x5y7|
ⓒ 3w12z53w12z5

8.25

4 3 4 3

8.26

3 5 3 5

8.27

ⓐ 122122 ⓑ 333333 ⓒ 244244

8.28

ⓐ 123123 ⓑ 553553 ⓒ 394394

8.29

ⓐ b2bb2b ⓑ |y|y24|y|y24 ⓒ zz23zz23

8.30

ⓐ p4pp4p ⓑ yy35yy35
ⓒ q2q6q2q6

8.31

ⓐ 4y22y4y22y ⓑ 3p32p33p32p3
ⓒ 2q24q242q24q24

8.32

ⓐ 5a43a5a43a ⓑ 4m32m234m32m23
ⓒ 3|n|2n343|n|2n34

8.33

ⓐ 7|a3|b22ab7|a3|b22ab
ⓑ 2xy7x2y32xy7x2y3 ⓒ 2|x|y22x42|x|y22x4

8.34

ⓐ 6m4|n5|5mn6m4|n5|5mn
ⓑ 2x2y9y232x2y9y23 ⓒ 2|xy|5x342|xy|5x34

8.35

ⓐ −4−4 ⓑ no real numberno real number

8.36

ⓐ −553−553 ⓑ no real number

8.37

ⓐ 5+535+53 ⓑ 2−32−3

8.38

ⓐ 2+722+72 ⓑ 2−52−5

8.39

ⓐ 5454 ⓑ 3535 ⓒ 2323

8.40

ⓐ 7979 ⓑ 2525 ⓒ 1313

8.41

ⓐ |a||a| ⓑ |x||x| ⓒ y3y3

8.42

ⓐ x2x2 ⓑ m2m2 ⓒ n2n2

8.43

2 | p | 6 p 7 2 | p | 6 p 7

8.44

2 x 2 3 x 5 2 x 2 3 x 5

8.45

ⓐ 4|m|5m|n3|4|m|5m|n3| ⓑ 3c34c3d23c34c3d2
ⓒ 2x25x24|y|2x25x24|y|

8.46

ⓐ 3u36uv43u36uv4 ⓑ 2r53s22r53s2
ⓒ 3|m3|2m24|n3|3|m3|2m24|n3|

8.47

ⓐ 5|y|x65|y|x6 ⓑ 2xyy2332xyy233
ⓒ |ab|a42|ab|a42

8.48

ⓐ 2|m|35|n3|2|m|35|n3| ⓑ 3xyx2353xyx235
ⓒ 2|ab|a2432|ab|a243

8.49

ⓐ 7z27z2 ⓑ −523−523
ⓒ 3|m|2m243|m|2m24

8.50

ⓐ 8m48m4 ⓑ −4−4 ⓒ 3|n|243|n|24

8.51

ⓐ tt ⓑ m3m3 ⓒ r4r4

8.52

ⓐ b6b6 ⓑ z5z5 ⓒ p4p4

8.53

ⓐ (10m)12(10m)12 ⓑ (3n)15(3n)15
ⓒ 3(6y)143(6y)14

8.54

ⓐ (3k)17(3k)17 ⓑ (5j)14(5j)14
ⓒ 8(2a)138(2a)13

8.55

ⓐ 6 ⓑ 2 ⓒ 2

8.56

ⓐ 10 ⓑ 3 ⓒ 3

8.57

ⓐ No real solution ⓑ −8−8
ⓒ 1818

8.58

ⓐ No real solution ⓑ −4−4
ⓒ 1414

8.59

ⓐ x52x52 ⓑ (3y)34(3y)34 ⓒ (2m3n)52(2m3n)52

8.60

ⓐ a25a25 ⓑ (5ab)53(5ab)53
ⓒ (7xyz)32(7xyz)32

8.61

ⓐ 9 ⓑ 17291729 ⓒ 1818

8.62

ⓐ 8 ⓑ 1919 ⓒ 11251125

8.63

ⓐ −64−64 ⓑ −164−164 ⓒ not a real number

8.64

ⓐ −729−729 ⓑ −1729−1729 ⓒ not a real number

8.65

ⓐ x32x32 ⓑ x8x8 ⓒ 1x1x

8.66

ⓐ y118y118 ⓑ m2m2 ⓒ 1d1d

8.67

ⓐ 8x158x15 ⓑ x12y13x12y13

8.68

ⓐ 729n35729n35 ⓑ a2b23a2b23

8.69

ⓐ m2m2 ⓑ 5nm145nm14

8.70

ⓐ u3u3 ⓑ 3x15y133x15y13

8.71

ⓐ −2−2 ⓑ 11x311x3
ⓒ 3x4−5y43x4−5y4

8.72

ⓐ −43−43 ⓑ 8y38y3
ⓒ 5m4−2m35m4−2m3

8.73

ⓐ −27x−27x ⓑ −5xy4−5xy4

8.74

ⓐ −3y−3y ⓑ 37mn337mn3

8.75

ⓐ 9292 ⓑ 223223 ⓒ 3333

8.76

ⓐ 7373 ⓑ −1053−1053 ⓒ −323−323

8.77

ⓐ −m32m−m32m ⓑ x25x3x25x3

8.78

ⓐ −p3p−p3p
ⓑ 4y4y23−2y4n234y4y23−2y4n23

8.79

ⓐ 12151215 ⓑ −1843−1843

8.80

ⓐ 272272 ⓑ −3623−3623

8.81

ⓐ 288x35288x35 ⓑ 8y6y248y6y24

8.82

ⓐ 144y25y144y25y ⓑ −36a3a4−36a3a4

8.83

ⓐ 18+618+6 ⓑ −243−233−243−233

8.84

ⓐ −40+42−40+42 ⓑ −3−183−3−183

8.85

ⓐ −66+157−66+157
ⓑ x23−5x3+6x23−5x3+6

8.86

ⓐ 41−141141−1411
ⓑ x23+4x3+3x23+4x3+3

8.87

1 + 9 21 1 + 9 21

8.88

−12 − 20 3 −12 − 20 3

8.89

ⓐ 102+202102+202 ⓑ 55+6655+66

8.90

ⓐ 41−12541−125
ⓑ 121−3610121−3610

8.91

−11 −11

8.92

−159 −159

8.93

ⓐ 5s85s8 ⓑ 2a2a

8.94

ⓐ 5q265q26 ⓑ 2b2b

8.95

ⓐ 9x2y29x2y2 ⓑ −4xy−4xy

8.96

ⓐ 10n3m10n3m ⓑ −3pq2−3pq2

8.97

4 x y 2 x 4 x y 2 x

8.98

4 a b 3 b 4 a b 3 b

8.99

ⓐ 533533 ⓑ 6868 ⓒ 2xx2xx

8.100

ⓐ 655655 ⓑ 146146 ⓒ 5xx5xx

8.101

ⓐ 49374937 ⓑ 90369036 ⓒ 53y233y53y233y

8.102

ⓐ 432432 ⓑ 150310150310 ⓒ 25n235n25n235n

8.103

ⓐ 27432743 ⓑ 12441244 ⓒ 35x345x35x345x

8.104

ⓐ 1254512545 ⓑ 14441444
ⓒ 24x34x24x34x

8.105

− 3 ( 1 + 5 ) 4 − 3 ( 1 + 5 ) 4

8.106

4 + 6 5 4 + 6 5

8.107

5 ( x − 2 ) x − 2 5 ( x − 2 ) x − 2

8.108

10 ( y + 3 ) y − 3 10 ( y + 3 ) y − 3

8.109

( p + 2 ) p − 2 2 ( p + 2 ) p − 2 2

8.110

( q − 10 ) q − 10 2 ( q − 10 ) q − 10 2

8.111

m = 23 3 m = 23 3

8.112

z = 3 10 z = 3 10

8.113

no solution no solution

8.114

no solution no solution

8.115

x = 2 , x = 3 x = 2 , x = 3

8.116

y = 5 , y = 6 y = 5 , y = 6

8.117

x = −6 x = −6

8.118

x = −9 x = −9

8.119

x = 8 x = 8

8.120

x = 6 x = 6

8.121

m = 7 m = 7

8.122

n = 3 n = 3

8.123

a = 63 a = 63

8.124

b = 311 b = 311

8.125

x = 3 x = 3

8.126

x = − 6 5 x = − 6 5

8.127

x = 4 x = 4

8.128

x = 9 x = 9

8.129

x = 5 x = 5

8.130

x = 0 x = 4 x = 0 x = 4

8.131

9 seconds

8.132

3.53.5 seconds

8.133

42.742.7 feet

8.134

54.154.1 feet

8.135

ⓐ f(6)=4f(6)=4 ⓑ no value at x=0x=0

8.136

ⓐ g(4)=5g(4)=5 ⓑ no value at f(−3)f(−3)

8.137

ⓐ g(4)=2g(4)=2 ⓑ g(1)=−1g(1)=−1

8.138

ⓐ h(2)=2h(2)=2
ⓑ h(−5)=−3h(−5)=−3

8.139

ⓐ f(4)=2f(4)=2 ⓑ f(−1)=1f(−1)=1

8.140

ⓐ g(16)=3g(16)=3 ⓑ g(3)=2g(3)=2

8.141

[ 5 6 , ∞ ) [ 5 6 , ∞ )

8.142

( − ∞ , 4 5 ] ( − ∞ , 4 5 ]

8.143

( −3 , ∞ ) ( −3 , ∞ )

8.144

( 5 , ∞ ) ( 5 , ∞ )

8.145

( − ∞ , ∞ ) ( − ∞ , ∞ )

8.146

( − ∞ , ∞ ) ( − ∞ , ∞ )

8.147

ⓐ domain: [−2,∞)[−2,∞)
ⓑ

The figure shows a square root function graph on the x y-coordinate plane. The x-axis of the plane runs from negative 2 to 6. The y-axis runs from 0 to 8. The function has a starting point at (negative 2, 0) and goes through the points (negative 1, 1) and (2, 2).


ⓒ range: [0,∞)[0,∞)

8.148

ⓐ domain: [2,∞)[2,∞)
ⓑ

The figure shows a square root function graph on the x y-coordinate plane. The x-axis of the plane runs from 0 to 8. The y-axis runs from 0 to 6. The function has a starting point at (2, 0) and goes through the points (3, 1) and (6, 2).


ⓒ range: [0,∞)[0,∞)

8.149

ⓐ domain: (−∞,∞)(−∞,∞)
ⓑ

The figure shows a cube root function graph on the x y-coordinate plane. The x-axis of the plane runs from negative 2 to 2. The y-axis runs from negative 2 to 2. The function has a center point at (0, 0) and goes through the points (1, negative 1) and (negative 1, 1).


ⓒ range: (−∞,∞)(−∞,∞)

8.150

ⓐ domain: (−∞,∞)(−∞,∞)
ⓑ

The figure shows a cube root function graph on the x y-coordinate plane. The x-axis of the plane runs from negative 1 to 5. The y-axis runs from negative 3 to 3. The function has a center point at (2, 0) and goes through the points (1, negative 1) and (3, 2).


ⓒ range: (−∞,∞)(−∞,∞)

8.151

ⓐ 9i9i ⓑ 5i5i ⓒ 32i32i

8.152

ⓐ 6i6i ⓑ 3i3i ⓒ 33i33i

8.153

6 2 i 6 2 i

8.154

7 3 i 7 3 i

8.155

ⓐ 6+5i6+5i ⓑ 6−3i6−3i

8.156

ⓐ −2−6i−2−6i ⓑ 2+9i2+9i

8.157

12 + 20 i 12 + 20 i

8.158

12 − 6 i 12 − 6 i

8.159

−11 − 7 i −11 − 7 i

8.160

−5 − 10 i −5 − 10 i

8.161

−21 + 20 i −21 + 20 i

8.162

9 − 40 i 9 − 40 i

8.163

−14 −14

8.164

−54 −54

8.165

−12 − 22 3 i −12 − 22 3 i

8.166

6 + 12 2 i 6 + 12 2 i

8.167

25

8.168

29

8.169

109

8.170

41

8.173

4 17 + 16 17 i 4 17 + 16 17 i

8.174

2 5 + 4 5 i 2 5 + 4 5 i

8.175

3 2 − 3 2 i 3 2 − 3 2 i

8.176

4 5 − 2 5 i 4 5 − 2 5 i

8.177

− i − i

8.178

1 1

Section 8.1 Exercises

1.

ⓐ 8 ⓑ −9−9

3.

ⓐ 14 ⓑ −1−1

5.

ⓐ 2323 ⓑ −0.1−0.1

7.

ⓐ not real number ⓑ −17−17

9.

ⓐ −15−15 ⓑ not real number

11.

ⓐ 6 ⓑ 4

13.

ⓐ 8 ⓑ 3 ⓒ 1

15.

ⓐ −2−2 ⓑ not realnot real ⓒ −2−2

17.

ⓐ −5−5 ⓑ not realnot real ⓒ −4−4

19.

ⓐ 8<70<98<70<9
ⓑ 4<713<54<713<5

21.

ⓐ 14<200<1514<200<15
ⓑ 5<1373<65<1373<6

23.

ⓐ ≈4.36≈4.36 ⓑ ≈4.46≈4.46
ⓒ ≈3.14≈3.14

25.

ⓐ ≈7.28≈7.28 ⓑ ≈5.28≈5.28
ⓒ ≈4.61≈4.61

27.

ⓐ u ⓑ |v||v|

29.

ⓐ |y||y| ⓑ mm

31.

ⓐ |x3||x3| ⓑ y8y8

33.

ⓐ x12x12 ⓑ |y11||y11|

35.

ⓐ x3x3 ⓑ |y3||y3|

37.

ⓐ m2m2 ⓑ n4n4

39.

ⓐ 7|x|7|x| ⓑ −9|x9|−9|x9|

41.

ⓐ 11m1011m10 ⓑ −8|a|−8|a|

43.

ⓐ 2x22x2 ⓑ 2y22y2

45.

ⓐ 6a26a2 ⓑ 2b42b4

47.

ⓐ 12|xy|12|xy| ⓑ 13w4|y5|13w4|y5|
ⓒ 2a17b22a17b2

49.

ⓐ 11|ab|11|ab| ⓑ 3c4d63c4d6
ⓒ 4x5y224x5y22

51.

Answers will vary.

53.

Answers will vary.

Section 8.2 Exercises

55.

3 3 3 3

57.

5 5 5 5

59.

7 3 7 3

61.

20 2 20 2

63.

ⓐ 224224 ⓑ 225225

65.

ⓐ 244244 ⓑ 443443

67.

ⓐ | y5 |y| y5 |y ⓑ rr23rr23 ⓒ s2s24s2s24

69.

ⓐ n10nn10n ⓑ q2q23q2q23
ⓒ |n|n28|n|n28

71.

ⓐ 5r65r5r65r ⓑ 3x4x233x4x23
ⓒ 2|y|3y242|y|3y24

73.

ⓐ 11|m11|2m11|m11|2m ⓑ 3m25m243m25m24 ⓒ 2n5n352n5n35

75.

ⓐ 7|m3n5|3mn7|m3n5|3mn ⓑ 2x2y26y32x2y26y3 ⓒ 2|xy|2x42|xy|2x4

77.

ⓐ 8|qr3|3qr8|qr3|3qr ⓑ 3m3n32n33m3n32n3 ⓒ 3a2b2a43a2b2a4

79.

ⓐ −643−643 ⓑ not real

81.

ⓐ −2−2 ⓑ not real

83.

ⓐ 5+235+23 ⓑ 5−65−6

85.

ⓐ 1+351+35 ⓑ 1+101+10

87.

ⓐ 3434 ⓑ 2323 ⓒ 1313

89.

ⓐ 5353 ⓑ 3535 ⓒ 1414

91.

ⓐ x2x2 ⓑ p3p3 ⓒ |q||q|

93.

ⓐ 1y21y2 ⓑ u2u2 ⓒ |v3||v3|

95.

4 | x 3 | 6 x 11 4 | x 3 | 6 x 11

97.

5 m 2 3 m 4 5 m 2 3 m 4

99.

7 r 2 2 r 10 7 r 2 2 r 10

101.

2 | q 3 | 7 15 2 | q 3 | 7 15

103.

ⓐ 5r43rs45r43rs4 ⓑ 3a22a23b3a22a23b
ⓒ 2|c|4c4|d|2|c|4c4|d|

105.

ⓐ 2|p3|7p|q|2|p3|7p|q| ⓑ 3s23s23t3s23s23t
ⓒ 2|p3|4p34|q3|2|p3|4p34|q3|

107.

ⓐ 4|xy|34|xy|3 ⓑ y2x32y2x32 ⓒ |ab|a42|ab|a42

109.

ⓐ 12|pq|12|pq| ⓑ 2cdd2352cdd235
ⓒ |mn|2|mn|2

111.

ⓐ 3p4p|q|3p4p|q| ⓑ 224224
ⓒ 2x2x52x2x5

113.

ⓐ 5|m3|5|m3| ⓑ 553553
ⓒ 3|y|3y243|y|3y24

115.

Answers will vary.

117.

Answers will vary.

Section 8.3 Exercises

119.

ⓐ xx ⓑ y3y3 ⓒ z4z4

121.

ⓐ u5u5 ⓑ v9v9 ⓒ w20w20

123.

ⓐ x17x17 ⓑ y19y19 ⓒ f15f15

125.

ⓐ (7c)13(7c)13 ⓑ (12d)17(12d)17
ⓒ 2(6b)142(6b)14

127.

ⓐ (21p)12(21p)12 ⓑ (8q)14(8q)14
ⓒ 4(36r)164(36r)16

129.

ⓐ 9 ⓑ 5 ⓒ 8

131.

ⓐ 2 ⓑ 4 ⓒ 5

133.

ⓐ −6−6 ⓑ −6−6 ⓒ 1616

135.

ⓐ not real ⓑ −3−3 ⓒ 1313

137.

ⓐ not real ⓑ −6−6 ⓒ 1616

139.

ⓐ not real ⓑ −10−10 ⓒ 110110

141.

ⓐ m52m52 ⓑ (3y)73(3y)73 ⓒ (4x5y)35(4x5y)35

143.

ⓐ u25u25 ⓑ (6x)53(6x)53 ⓒ (18a5b)74(18a5b)74

145.

ⓐ 32,768 ⓑ 17291729 ⓒ 9

147.

ⓐ 4 ⓑ 1919 ⓒ not real

149.

ⓐ −27−27 ⓑ −127−127 ⓒ not real

151.

ⓐ c78c78 ⓑ p9p9 ⓒ 1r1r

153.

ⓐ y54y54 ⓑ x8x8 ⓒ 1m1m

155.

ⓐ 81q281q2 ⓑ a12ba12b

157.

ⓐ 8u148u14 ⓑ 8p12q348p12q34

159.

ⓐ r72r72 ⓑ 6st6st

161.

ⓐ c2c2 ⓑ 2x3y2x3y

163.

Answers will vary.

Section 8.4 Exercises

165.

ⓐ 3232 ⓑ 7m37m3 ⓒ 6m46m4

167.

ⓐ 9595 ⓑ 12a312a3 ⓒ 62z462z4

169.

ⓐ 42a42a ⓑ 0

171.

ⓐ 3c3c ⓑ 4pq34pq3

173.

ⓐ −23−23 ⓑ −253−253 ⓒ 324324

175.

ⓐ 7373 ⓑ 723723 ⓒ 354354

177.

ⓐ a22aa22a ⓑ 0

179.

ⓐ 2c35c2c35c ⓑ 14r22r2414r22r24

181.

4 y 2 4 y 2

183.

ⓐ −186−186 ⓑ −6493−6493

185.

ⓐ −302−302 ⓑ 624624

187.

ⓐ 72z2372z23 ⓑ 45x22345x223

189.

ⓐ −42z52z−42z52z ⓑ −8y6y4−8y6y4

191.

ⓐ 14+5714+57 ⓑ 463+343463+343

193.

ⓐ 44−31144−311 ⓑ 324+544324+544

195.

60 + 2 3 60 + 2 3

197.

ⓐ 30+18230+182 ⓑ x23−2x3−3x23−2x3−3

199.

ⓐ −55+1310−55+1310
ⓑ 2x23+8x3+62x23+8x3+6

201.

23 + 3 30 23 + 3 30

203.

−439 − 2 77 −439 − 2 77

205.

ⓐ 14+6514+65 ⓑ 79−20379−203

207.

ⓐ 87−18687−186
ⓑ 163+607163+607

209.

14

211.

−227 −227

213.

19 19

215.

9 x 2 3 − 4 9 x 2 3 − 4

217.

5 3 5 3

219.

9 2 9 2

221.

− 5 4 − 5 4

223.

10c23−9c33 10 c 2 3 − 9 c 3 3

225.

2 3 2 3

227.

17 q 2 17 q 2

229.

3 7 3 7

231.

−42 9 3 −42 9 3

233.

29

235.

29 − 7 17 29 − 7 17

237.

54 − 36 2 54 − 36 2

239.

6 + 3 2 3 6 + 3 2 3

241.

Answers will vary.

243.

Answers will vary.

Section 8.5 Exercises

245.

ⓐ 4343 ⓑ 4343

247.

ⓐ 10m2710m27 ⓑ 3y3y

249.

ⓐ 56r256r2 ⓑ 2x32x3

251.

ⓐ 6pq26pq2 ⓑ −2a2b−2a2b

253.

ⓐ 8m43n48m43n4 ⓑ −2x23y2−2x23y2

255.

2 x 2 7 y 2 x 2 7 y

257.

2 a b 2 a 3 2 a b 2 a 3

259.

ⓐ 563563 ⓑ 239239 ⓒ 25xx25xx

261.

ⓐ 677677 ⓑ 2101521015 ⓒ 43pp43pp

263.

ⓐ 25352535 ⓑ 45364536 ⓒ 26a233a26a233a

265.

ⓐ 121311121311 ⓑ 28362836 ⓒ 9x3x9x3x

267.

ⓐ 3434734347 ⓑ 40444044 ⓒ 24x24x24x24x

269.

ⓐ 943943 ⓑ 50445044 ⓒ 23a34a23a34a

271.

−2 ( 1 + 5 ) −2 ( 1 + 5 )

273.

3 ( 3 + 7 ) 3 ( 3 + 7 )

275.

3 ( m + 5 ) m − 5 3 ( m + 5 ) m − 5

277.

2 ( x + 6 ) x − 6 2 ( x + 6 ) x − 6

279.

( r + 5 ) r − 5 2 ( r + 5 ) r − 5 2

281.

( x + 2 2 ) x − 8 2 ( x + 2 2 ) x − 8 2

283.

Answers will vary.

285.

Answers will vary.

Section 8.6 Exercises

287.

x = 14 x = 14

289.

no solution

291.

x = −4 x = −4

293.

m = 14 m = 14

295.

v = 17 v = 17

297.

m = 7 2 m = 7 2

299.

no solution

301.

u = 3 , u = 4 u = 3 , u = 4

303.

r = 1 , r = 2 r = 1 , r = 2

305.

x = 10 x = 10

307.

x = −8 x = −8

309.

x = 8 x = 8

311.

x = −4 x = −4

313.

x = 7 x = 7

315.

x = 3 x = 3

317.

z = 21 z = 21

319.

x = 42 x = 42

321.

r = 3 r = 3

323.

u = 3 u = 3

325.

r = −2 r = −2

327.

x = 1 x = 1

329.

x = −8 , x = 2 x = −8 , x = 2

331.

a = 0 a = 0

333.

u = 9 4 u = 9 4

335.

a = 4 a = 4

337.

x = 0 x = 4 x = 0 x = 4

339.

x = 1 x = 5 x = 1 x = 5

341.

x = 9 x = 9

343.

8.78.7 feet

345.

4.74.7 seconds

347.

72 feet

349.

Answers will vary.

Section 8.7 Exercises

351.

ⓐ f(5)=4f(5)=4 ⓑ no value at x=0x=0

353.

ⓐ g(4)=5g(4)=5 ⓑ g(8)=7g(8)=7

355.

ⓐ F(1)=1F(1)=1 ⓑ F(−11)=5F(−11)=5

357.

ⓐ G(5)=26G(5)=26 ⓑ G(2)=3G(2)=3

359.

ⓐ g(6)=2g(6)=2 ⓑ g(−2)=−2g(−2)=−2

361.

ⓐ h(−2)=0h(−2)=0 ⓑ h(6)=243h(6)=243

363.

ⓐ f(0)=0f(0)=0 ⓑ f(2)=2f(2)=2

365.

ⓐ g(1)=0g(1)=0 ⓑ g(−3)=2g(−3)=2

367.

[ 1 3 , ∞ ) [ 1 3 , ∞ )

369.

( − ∞ , 2 3 ] ( − ∞ , 2 3 ]

371.

( 2 , ∞ ) ( 2 , ∞ )

373.

( − ∞ , −3 ] ∪ ( 2 , ∞ ) ( − ∞ , −3 ] ∪ ( 2 , ∞ )

375.

( − ∞ , ∞ ) ( − ∞ , ∞ )

377.

( − ∞ , ∞ ) ( − ∞ , ∞ )

379.

[ − 3 8 , ∞ ) [ − 3 8 , ∞ )

381.

( − ∞ , ∞ ) ( − ∞ , ∞ )

383.

ⓐ domain: [−1,∞)[−1,∞)
ⓑ

The figure shows a square root function graph on the x y-coordinate plane. The x-axis of the plane runs from negative 1 to 7. The y-axis runs from negative 2 to 10. The function has a starting point at (negative 1, 0) and goes through the points (0, 1) and (3, 2).


ⓒ [0,∞)[0,∞)

385.

ⓐ domain: [−4,∞)[−4,∞)
ⓑ

The figure shows a square root function graph on the x y-coordinate plane. The x-axis of the plane runs from negative 4 to 4. The y-axis runs from negative 2 to 6. The function has a starting point at (negative 4, 0) and goes through the points (negative 3, 1) and (0, 2).


ⓒ [0,∞)[0,∞)

387.

ⓐ domain: [0,∞)[0,∞)
ⓑ

The figure shows a square root function graph on the x y-coordinate plane. The x-axis of the plane runs from 0 to 8. The y-axis runs from 0 to 8. The function has a starting point at (0, 2) and goes through the points (1, 3) and (4, 4).


ⓒ [2,∞)[2,∞)

389.

ⓐ domain: [0,∞)[0,∞)
ⓑ

The figure shows a square root function graph on the x y-coordinate plane. The x-axis of the plane runs from 0 to 8. The y-axis runs from 0 to 8. The function has a starting point at (0, 0) and goes through the points (1, 2) and (4, 4).


ⓒ [0,∞)[0,∞)

391.

ⓐ domain: (−∞,3](−∞,3]
ⓑ

The figure shows a square root function graph on the x y-coordinate plane. The x-axis of the plane runs from negative 6 to 4. The y-axis runs from 0 to 8. The function has a starting point at (3, 0) and goes through the points (2, 1), (negative 1, 2), and (negative 6, 3).


ⓒ [0,∞)[0,∞)

393.

ⓐ domain: [0,∞)[0,∞)
ⓑ

The figure shows a square root function graph on the x y-coordinate plane. The x-axis of the plane runs from 0 to 8. The y-axis runs from negative 8 to 0. The function has a starting point at (0, 0) and goes through the points (1, negative 1) and (4, negative 2).


ⓒ (−∞,0](−∞,0]

395.

ⓐ domain: (−∞,∞)(−∞,∞)
ⓑ

The figure shows a cube root function graph on the x y-coordinate plane. The x-axis of the plane runs from negative 4 to 4. The y-axis runs from negative 4 to 4. The function has a center point at (negative 1, 0) and goes through the points (negative 2, negative 1) and (0, 1).


ⓒ (−∞,∞)(−∞,∞)

397.

ⓐ domain: (−∞,∞)(−∞,∞)
ⓑ

The figure shows a cube root function graph on the x y-coordinate plane. The x-axis of the plane runs from negative 4 to 4. The y-axis runs from negative 4 to 4. The function has a center point at (negative 4, 0) and goes through the points (negative 3, negative 1) and (negative 1, 1).


ⓒ (−∞,∞)(−∞,∞)

399.

ⓐ domain: (−∞,∞)(−∞,∞)
ⓑ

The figure shows a cube root function graph on the x y-coordinate plane. The x-axis of the plane runs from negative 4 to 4. The y-axis runs from negative 2 to 6. The function has a center point at (0, 3) and goes through the points (negative 1, 2) and (1, 4).


ⓒ (−∞,∞)(−∞,∞)

401.

ⓐ domain: (−∞,∞)(−∞,∞)
ⓑ

The figure shows a cube root function graph on the x y-coordinate plane. The x-axis of the plane runs from negative 4 to 4. The y-axis runs from negative 4 to 4. The function has a center point at (0, 0) and goes through the points (1, 1) and (negative 1, negative 1).


ⓒ (−∞,∞)(−∞,∞)

403.

ⓐ domain: (−∞,∞)(−∞,∞)
ⓑ

The figure shows a cube root function graph on the x y-coordinate plane. The x-axis of the plane runs from negative 4 to 4. The y-axis runs from negative 4 to 4. The function has a center point at (0, 0) and goes through the points (1, 2) and (negative 1, negative 2).


ⓒ (−∞,∞)(−∞,∞)

405.

Answers will vary.

407.

Answers will vary.

Section 8.8 Exercises

409.

ⓐ 4i4i ⓑ 11i11i ⓒ 22i22i

411.

ⓐ 10i10i ⓑ 13i13i ⓒ 35i35i

413.

9 3 i 9 3 i

415.

8 2 i 8 2 i

417.

8 + 7 i 8 + 7 i

419.

14 + 2 i 14 + 2 i

421.

−2 + 2 i −2 + 2 i

423.

8 + 5 i 8 + 5 i

425.

7 − 13 i 7 − 13 i

427.

25 − 2 2 i 25 − 2 2 i

429.

12 + 20 i 12 + 20 i

431.

−12 + 18 i −12 + 18 i

433.

−38 + + 9 i −38 + + 9 i

435.

27 + 15 i 27 + 15 i

437.

−7 + 24 i −7 + 24 i

439.

−5 + 12 i −5 + 12 i

441.

−30 −30

443.

−30 −30

445.

−44 − 4 i 3 −44 − 4 i 3

447.

−20 − 2 2 i −20 − 2 2 i

449.

5

451.

53

453.

50

455.

85

457.

i

459.

2 25 + 11 25 i 2 25 + 11 25 i

461.

6 13 + 9 13 i 6 13 + 9 13 i

463.

− 12 13 − 8 13 i − 12 13 − 8 13 i

465.

4 3 − 1 3 i 4 3 − 1 3 i

467.

− 3 4 + 1 2 i − 3 4 + 1 2 i

469.

i

471.

−1 −1

473.

1

475.

i

477.

Answers will vary.

479.

Answers will vary.

Review Exercises

481.

ⓐ 15 ⓑ −4−4

483.

ⓐ 2 ⓑ 3 ⓒ 3

485.

ⓐ 8<68<98<68<9
ⓑ 4<843<54<843<5

487.

ⓐ a ⓑ bb

489.

ⓐ m2m2 ⓑ n4n4

491.

ⓐ 6a26a2 ⓑ 2b42b4

493.

5 5 5 5

495.

ⓐ 553553 ⓑ 226226

497.

ⓐ 4|s7|5s4|s7|5s ⓑ 2a3a252a3a25
ⓒ 2|b|2b62|b|2b6

499.

ⓐ −2−2 ⓑ not real

501.

ⓐ 6767 ⓑ 2323 ⓒ 1212

503.

5 m 2 3 m 4 5 m 2 3 m 4

505.

ⓐ 12|pq|12|pq| ⓑ 2cd5d232cd5d23
ⓒ |mn|2|mn|2

507.

ⓐ rr ⓑ s3s3 ⓒ t4t4

509.

ⓐ 5 ⓑ 3 ⓒ 2

511.

ⓐ −2−2 ⓑ 1313 ⓒ −5−5

513.

ⓐ 125 ⓑ 127127 ⓒ 16

515.

ⓐ 6363 ⓑ b9b9 ⓒ 1w1w

517.

ⓐ 4242 ⓑ 9p39p3 ⓒ 2x32x3

519.

ⓐ 7373 ⓑ 723723 ⓒ 354354

521.

37 y 3 37 y 3

523.

ⓐ 126x2x126x2x ⓑ 48a5a2348a5a23

525.

ⓐ 71−22771−227
ⓑ x23−8x3+15x23−8x3+15

527.

ⓐ 27+81127+811 ⓑ 29−12529−125

529.

9 x 2 3 − 4 9 x 2 3 − 4

531.

ⓐ 8m43n48m43n4 ⓑ −2x23y2−2x23y2

533.

ⓐ 121311121311 ⓑ 28362836 ⓒ 9x3x9x3x

535.

− 7 ( 2 + 6 ) 2 − 7 ( 2 + 6 ) 2

537.

( x + 2 2 ) x − 8 2 ( x + 2 2 ) x − 8 2

539.

no solution

541.

u = 3 , u = 4 u = 3 , u = 4

543.

x = −4 x = −4

545.

r = 3 r = 3

547.

x = −8 , x = 2 x = −8 , x = 2

549.

x = 3 x = 3

551.

64.864.8 feet

553.

ⓐ G(5)=26G(5)=26 ⓑ G(2)=3G(2)=3

555.

ⓐ g(1)=0g(1)=0 ⓑ g(−3)=2g(−3)=2

557.

( 2 , ∞ ) ( 2 , ∞ )

559.

− ∞ , 10 7 − ∞ , 10 7

561.

ⓐ domain: [0,∞)[0,∞)
ⓑ

The figure shows a square root function graph on the x y-coordinate plane. The x-axis of the plane runs from 0 to 8. The y-axis runs from 0 to 8. The function has a starting point at (0, 0) and goes through the points (1, 2) and (4, 4).


ⓒ range: [0,∞)[0,∞)

563.

ⓐ domain: (−∞,∞)(−∞,∞)
ⓑ

The figure shows a cube root function graph on the x y-coordinate plane. The x-axis of the plane runs from negative 4 to 4. The y-axis runs from negative 2 to 6. The function has a center point at (0, 3) and goes through the points (negative 1, 2) and (1, 4).


ⓒ range: (−∞,∞)(−∞,∞)

565.

8 2 i 8 2 i

567.

8 + 5 i 8 + 5 i

569.

23 + 14 i 23 + 14 i

571.

−8 −8

573.

−5 + 12 i −5 + 12 i

575.

2 25 + 11 25 i 2 25 + 11 25 i

577.

1

Practice Test

579.

5 x 3 5 x 3

581.

2 x 2 y 9 x 2 y 3 2 x 2 y 9 x 2 y 3

583.

ⓐ 1414 ⓑ −343−343

585.

x 7 4 x 7 4

587.

− x 2 3 x − x 2 3 x

589.

36 x 4 2 36 x 4 2

591.

2 − 7 3 2 − 7 3

593.

7 x 2 x 3 | y 3 | y 7 x 2 x 3 | y 3 | y

595.

3 ( 2 − 3 ) 3 ( 2 − 3 )

597.

−12 + 8 i −12 + 8 i

599.

1 1

601.

x = 4 x = 4

603.

ⓐ domain: [−2,∞)[−2,∞)
ⓑ

The figure shows a square root function graph on the x y-coordinate plane. The x-axis of the plane runs from negative 2 to 6. The y-axis runs from 0 to 8. The function has a starting point at (negative 2, 0) and goes through the points (negative 1, 1) and (2, 2).


ⓒ range: [0,∞)[0,∞)