Iron deficiency anemia, characterized by low hemoglobin concentration and microcytic red blood cells, is the most common nutritional blood disorder in young children, pregnant women, and older adults.
Nutrient-related hematologic disorders include vitamin B12 deficiency, vitamins C, K, and D deficiency, and folate deficiency.
Delays in diagnosing excessive or deficient nutritional intake can lead to hematologic abnormalities resulting in life-threatening conditions. Accurate assessment of the client’s nutritional status with early intervention gives clients the best chance for recovery.
Acute and long-term illnesses such as trauma, burns, cancer, lung disease, and immune dysfunction require even higher protein and micronutrient intake to restore homeostasis during the healing stage.
Aging adults are susceptible to nutrient-deficient blood abnormalities because of decreased production of hormones and red blood cells and a decreased appetite/food intake related to delayed gastric emptying, changes in papillae, and declining oral health.
Use of the TTM for nutrition educational interventions can provide clients a degree of motivation for successful restoration of hematologic wellness.