Common vitamin and mineral deficiencies that impact hematologic wellness across the lifespan include deficiencies of iron, vitamin B12, folate, and vitamins A, C, D, and K.
Anemia affects approximately 1.8 billion individuals worldwide, most often affecting young children, pregnant individuals, and older adults.
Non-Hispanic Black pregnant clients have the highest prevalence of IDA, particularly during their third trimester of pregnancy.
Adolescent athletes have a high nutritional demand due to daily energy expenditure associated with training and less time available to make healthy food choices, putting them at high risk for iron deficiency and anemia.
Folic acid, vitamin B12, and vitamin K deficiencies in adults can occur secondary to chronic liver disease and excessive alcohol intake.
Individuals with SCD and thalassemia are more prone to micronutrient and macronutrient deficiencies related to hyperreactive hematopoiesis, the physiologic response to chronic anemia.