B

A

C

B

B

C

C

C

D

A

B

A

B

D

C

B

A

B

D

C

C

A

D

C

D

D

D, C, A, B

(a) obligate anaerobe, (b) obligate aerobe, (c) microaerophile, (d) facultative anaerobe

A, D, E, B, C

hemocytometer, Petroff-Hausser counting chamber

plate count

most probable number

turbidity

ATP, acid from fermentation

alkaliphile

acidophile

halophile

barophiles

halotolerant

complex, differential

complex, selective