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Review Questions

Review Questions

1.
Which of the following laboratory tests is typically used as an estimate of the glomerular filtration rate?
  1. Hematocrit
  2. BUN
  3. Creatinine
  4. Sodium
2.
Which of the following factors favors glomerular filtration?
  1. Hydrostatic pressure in the Bowman’s capsule
  2. Oncotic pressure of the glomerular capillaries
  3. Contraction of the mesangial cells
  4. Glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure
3.
Infection is a risk factor for developing which type of incontinence?
  1. Urge
  2. Stress
  3. Overflow
  4. Functional
4.
Which of the following structures contributes to blood pressure regulation?
  1. Mesangial cells
  2. Vasa recta
  3. Epithelial fenestra
  4. Juxtaglomerular cells
5.
Which of the following effects is consistent with parasympathetic stimulation of the bladder?
  1. Urinary reflux
  2. Bladder contraction
  3. Internal sphincter closure
  4. Bladder relaxation
6.
The nurse is providing discharge teaching for an adult client who has experienced recurrent renal calculi. Which of these instructions is appropriate for this client?
  1. Increase calcium intake.
  2. Avoid consuming dark-colored fluids.
  3. Increase fluid intake to approximately 2–3 liters each day.
  4. Increase protein intake from poultry and fish.
7.
The nurse is caring for a client with fluid volume excess. Which of the following manifestations is consistent with this condition?
  1. Jugular vein distention
  2. Bradycardia
  3. Elevated hematocrit
  4. Hypotension
8.
Which of the following is responsible for forming concentrated urine?
  1. Glomerulus
  2. Cortical nephron
  3. Juxtamedullary nephron
  4. Renal pelvis
9.
Which of the following conditions is related to overflow incontinence?
  1. Estrogen deprivation
  2. Urethral obstruction
  3. Escherichia coli infection
  4. Cognitive dysfunction
10.
The nurse is caring for a client with renal colic. This finding is most commonly associated with which of the following conditions?
  1. Renal calculi
  2. Acute tubular necrosis
  3. Renal artery stenosis
  4. Glomerulonephritis