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Review Questions

Review Questions

1.
The nurse admits a client with an acute pulmonary embolism and is instructed to start heparin. Which of the following tests can the nurse best use to adjust the dose of heparin?
  1. Partial thromboplastin time (PTT)
  2. International normalized ratio (INR)
  3. Complete blood count (CBC)
  4. Prothrombin time (PT)
2.
A client who received heparin developed uncontrollable bleeding. What medication is the provider most likely to use as an antidote to the heparin?
  1. Protamine
  2. Phytonadione
  3. Idarucizumab
  4. Andexanet alfa
3.
The nurse is answering the client’s question about the risk for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). Which of the following information should be included in the discussion?
  1. The condition increases the risk for bleeding.
  2. The platelet count rises above normal initially.
  3. The condition is immune mediated.
  4. The skin rash is the most reliable diagnostic indicator.
4.
A client is admitted to the emergency department with an acute myocardial infarction. Which medication does the nurse anticipate being ordered to dissolve the clot in the coronary artery?
  1. Vitamin K
  2. Alteplase
  3. Warfarin
  4. Enoxaparin
5.
The nurse is teaching a client with a pulmonary embolism about their new medication, heparin. What will the nurse tell the client about the purpose of heparin?
  1. It will dissolve the blood clot quickly.
  2. It will prevent platelet-to-platelet adhesion.
  3. It will enhance clotting.
  4. It will prevent further clot formation.
6.
A nurse is teaching a client about warfarin dietary considerations. Which of the following statements by the client indicates understanding of the restrictions?
  1. “I should eat a lot of spinach every day due to increased vitamin K needs.”
  2. “I can eat a lot of extra broccoli with a meal as long as it is only occasionally due to decreased vitamin K needs.”
  3. “I should avoid eating fruit like bananas due to excess vitamin K content.”
  4. “I should eat a consistent amount of vitamin K–containing foods in my diet.”
7.
A nurse admits a client who has been started on warfarin for a pulmonary embolism. Which test will the nurse monitor to assess warfarin’s effect?
  1. Partial thromboplastin time (PTT)
  2. International normalized ratio (INR)
  3. Complete blood count (CBC)
  4. Anti-factor Xa level
8.
The nurse is monitoring for medication-related adverse effects in a client receiving heparin. Which of the following would indicate that the client should be assessed for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)?
  1. A decrease in platelet count and concomitant gastrointestinal bleed
  2. A decrease in platelet count and concomitant deep vein thrombosis
  3. An increase in platelet count and concomitant intracranial hemorrhage
  4. An increase in platelet count and concomitant pulmonary embolism
9.
Which of the following direct-acting oral anticoagulant drugs must be taken with food for effective absorption?
  1. Endoxaban
  2. Dabigatran
  3. Rivaroxaban
  4. Apixaban
10.
An emergency department nurse is assessing a client with an acute ischemic stroke prior to administering alteplase. Which finding will the nurse need to discuss with the provider prior to administering alteplase therapy?
  1. Total knee replacement surgery 6 months ago
  2. Blood pressure of 197/110 mm Hg
  3. Glucose level of 168 mg/dL
  4. Past medical history of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)