Key Equations

Identity matrix for a $2 \times 2$ matrix	$I_{2} = [\begin{matrix} 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 \end{matrix}]$
Identity matrix for a $3 \times 3$ matrix	$I_{3} = [\begin{matrix} 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 \end{matrix}]$
Multiplicative inverse of a $2 \times 2$ matrix	$A^{−1} = \frac{1}{a d - b c} [\begin{matrix} d & - b \\ - c & a \end{matrix}], where a d - b c \neq 0$